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Introduction – Ceramics
The word ‘ceramic’ is originated from greek word keromikos, which means ‘burnt stuff’.
Ceramics are compounds of metallic and non-metallic elements.
Characteristics of ceramics are:
-high temperature stability
- high hardness - brittleness
- high mechanical strength
- low elongation under application of stress
- low thermal and electrical conductivities
Classification – Ceramics
Ceramics are classified in many ways. It is due to divergence in composition, properties and applications.
Based on their composition, ceramics are:
- Oxides
- Carbides
- Nitrides
- Sulfides
- Fluorides
etc.
Based on their specific applications, ceramics are classified
as:
- Glasses
- Clay products
- Refractories
- Abrasives
- Cements
- Advanced ceramics for special applications
Based on their engineering applications, ceramics are classified into two groups as: traditional and engineering ceramics.
Traditional ceramics – most made-up of clay, silica and feldspar
Engineering ceramics – these consist of highly purified aluminium oxide (Al2O3 ), silicon carbide (SiC) and silicon nitiride (Si3N4 )
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